The mobilization and translocation of aluminum is one of the severest effects of acid precipitation on ecosystem and an important process by which soils significantly buffer the acid deposition. Because of high toxicity of active aluminum, soil aluminum mobilization has been paid much more attention to in both agronomic and eco-environmental researches. But it is unfortunate that current models cannot account for field and experimental data due to complexity of the soil system and aluminum forms. In this paper, a relatively comprehensive review of recent studies on soil aluminum mobilization mechanisms was carried out. Based on the work, some promising prospects were explored for future study.