Abstract:In the maritime Antarctic region, retreat of glaciers and shrink of perennial snow cover induced by climate warming not only provide new spatial room and potential parent materials for pedogenesis, but enhance temporal and spatial availability of free water, which plays an all-important role both in periglacial processes and in the processes within soil profiles, thus influencing soil genesis and evolution to a great degree. Climate warming leads to changes in habitat environments, species numbers, community structures, primary productivities of lower plants and activities of the maritime vertebrates, therefore posing influences on accumulationintensity and composition of organic matter in soils. In short, evidence obtained indicates that climate change is posing significant influences on formation and development of the soils in the maritime Antarctic region.