Soil weed seedbank is the primary source of future weed infestations and knowledge of seedbank dynamics is beneficial to integrated weed management (IWM). Current advances show that the density and species composition of the soil weed seedbank vary greatly and are closely linked to the above ground weed communities. The weed seedbank is always in equilibrium between seed input and output. Tillage systems affect vertical distribution of weed seeds in the soil and have indirect influence on the seedbank density and species composition. Crop rotation provides diverse environments for weed seeds and prevents proliferation of the weed species well adapted to a single cropping system. The effect of crop rotation on weed species composition and abundance is higher than that of tillage systems. Weed control measures can greatly reduce weed seed production and decrease the size of seedbank in the soil. Recent public attitude towards the use of herbicides and environmental safety has placed increased emphasis on development of ecology- based weed management system (EBWM). Taking into account current progresses in the study on weed seedbank both inland and abroad, the author put forth some new perspectives for future research.