The composition and structure of biotic communities in soil at one hierarchical level can influence the spatial heterogeneity of the biota at other hierarchical levels. Furthermore, there is increasing evidence that spatial soil ecology can yield new insights with regard to understanding the factors that maintain and regulate soil biodiversity, as well as how the spatial distributions of soil organisms influence both plant growth and plant community structure. In this paper, the role of soil biota in the soil ecosystem in processes was assessed, and the relationship between soil organisms spatial heterogeneity and ecosystem function was presented.