Based on investigations and statistic data, the present situation of fertilizer production and consumption in Jiangsu province are analyzed. Shortcomings in fertilizer consumption in the province are exposed, such as low quality of the fertilizers, overdosed application especially in vegetable cultivation in protected farmland, and inadequate attention to development of organic fertilizers. The past 50 years can be divided into 4 phases in terms of agro-chemistry service in Jiangsu province, i.e., ambiguous phase (1950'-1970'), initiation phase (1980'), rapidly developing phase (1990') and transferring phase (since the end of the last century). The present situation and perspective of the agro-chemistry service are also discussed, that is, it should develop toward public service-by establishing socialized agro-chemistry service centers, towards industrialization-by setting up collectivized formulated fertilizer production centers, and towards after service-by building up standardized after service centers. The paper can serve not only as an important reference for agricultural technology extension service agencies but also as a good guidance for research in the field of soil science and fertilizer application.