A survey has been carried out of soil erosion in the black soil area at the east piedmont of the Great Xingan Mountains in Hulunbuir, by making use of satellite remote sensing data available and findings of the national survey of soil fertility and assessment of soil quality of croplands. The results showed that soil erosion were found affecting 29.83 % of the total land area or 55.94 % of the cultivated area, resulting in the loss of 9.1674 million tons of soil from the surface layer of the land, which has already seriously affected the life and production of the local people.