International concerns about the effects of global warming on permafrost-affected soils and responses of permafrost terrestrial landscapes to such change have been growing high in the last two decades. To achieve a variety of goals including determination of soil carbon stocks and dynamics in the Northern Hemisphere, understanding of soil degradation and optimal ways to protect the fragile ecosystems in the permafrost environment, in-depth studies on cryosol classification are imperative under the situation. In this paper existing Cryosol classifications contained in three representative soil taxonomies are introduced, and problems rising in the practical application of the defining criteria used for category differentiation in these taxonomic systems are discussed. Meanwhile, resumption and reconstruction of Chinese Cryosol classification within a taxonomic frame is proposed. In dealing with Cryosol classification, the advantages that Chinese pedologists have and the challenges that they have to face are analyzed. Finally, several suggestions on in-depth studies of detailed taxonomic frame of the Cryosol classification are put forward.