中美城市土壤污染控制与管理体系的比较研究
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上海市环保局重大科技攻关项目(沪环科攻关-02-12)资助


Comparative Study on Urban Soil Pollution Control and Management Systems in China and USA
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    摘要:

    城市土壤污染对城市生态环境的可持续性以及人体健康带来了相当大的风险,其控制与管理已经成为我国环境管理中的一个新问题。本文对中美两国城市土壤污染控制与管理体系进行了比较研究,认为我国现有城市土壤污染控制与管理体系滞后于城市大气、水环境污染控制与管理,没有形成专门的土壤污染防治法规体系,土壤环境影响评价尚无推荐的行业导则,缺乏土壤污染评估标准,土壤污染状况信息不透明,公众和社区参与意识不强烈以及如何准确地识别污染土壤的程度和数量、判定污染者所承担的责任、筹措土壤污染处置基金等问题都是土壤污染控制与管理过程中的薄弱环节等。另外,从管理机构、政策法规、技术工作手段以及经济责任的认定等方面提出了改进措施。

    Abstract:

    Urban soil pollution has been posing a great risk to urban eco-environmental sustainability and people health. Its control and management has turned out to be a new problem in our environmental management. In the paper, comparison was made between China and the USA in urban soil pollution control and management system. Such problems as the control and management of urban soil pollution lagging behind the control and management of urban atmosphere and water pollution, lack of a special law system for soil pollution prevention, absence of industrial guides for soil environmental impact assessment and standards for soil pollution assessment, nontransparency of information about soil pollution, poor consciousness of public participation in soil pollution control, and shortage of knowledge of how to identify soil pollutants and accurate determine degrees of contamination and amounts of the pollutants, and how to define the liability of polluters and raise soil pollution disposition funds, were considered to be the main weaknesses in urban soil pollution control and management. And some suggestions were presented for improvement in the aspects of institutional framework, legislation and policy, technological means and identification of economic liability for control of urban soil pollution.

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赵沁娜,杨凯,徐启新.中美城市土壤污染控制与管理体系的比较研究[J].土壤,2006,38(1):6-10. ZHAO Qin-na, YANG Kai, XU Qi-xin. Comparative Study on Urban Soil Pollution Control and Management Systems in China and USA[J]. Soils,2006,38(1):6-10

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  • 在线发布日期: 2017-05-18
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