An experiment was carried out to compare conservation tillage with the traditional one in soil moisture and temperature.The results of the experiment showed that the former was higher than the latter in soil moisture content.In terms of soil moisture content throughout the whole growth season,the three treatments in the experiment were in the order of Treatment Ⅰ(mulching the field with crop stalks) > Treatment Ⅱ(leaving stubbles in the field) > CK (conventional tillage).In the 0-40 cm soil layer,soil moisture increased gradually with the soil depth.In Treatment Ⅱ it increased by 11.8 g/kg while in Treatment Ⅰ it did by 23.2 g/kg.In terms of soil temperature in various soil layers at the booting stage,the three treatments were in a reverse order,i.e.CK > Treatment Ⅱ > Treatment Ⅰ,Within the 20 cm plowing layer,in the seeding period Treatment Ⅱ was 0.5℃ lower in temperature than CK and Treatment Ⅰ was 6.6℃ lower,while in the period of emergence,Treatment Ⅱ was 0.8℃ lower and Treatment Ⅰ was 4.3℃ lower.However,at the booting storage,the three treatments tended to come close in soil temperature.The higher moisture content in the conservation tillage was beneficial to crop growth,but the lower soil temperature in early spring could bring about negative effect on emergence of seedlings,and hence crop growth.Though there was some compensative effect between them,further study should be done in order to overcome the disadvantage of lower ground temperature in early spring.