Municipal sewage sludge is the residual material after wastewater being cleaned in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), generally after primary and secondary treatment processes. It is an unwanted and inevitable by-product of WWTPs. According to national planning, the municipal wastewater treatment rate in China will rapidly increase and indicate a dramatic increase in sewage sludge production in China very soon. Land application is the main way of sludge disposal. The advances in sewage sludges and its land application were reviewed and the problems of the current study on sewage sludges were discussed.