Heavy metal pollution of soil was studied in Fuyang Valley, Zhejiang Province, to carry out ecological risk assessment using probability methodology. The results showed there was serious mixed pollution of Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd in study area. The average concentrations of heavy metals were 290, 794, 205 and 2.1 mg/kg for Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd, respectively. According to the ecological risk assessment of metal polluted soil, the risk probability of Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd were 30%, 53%, 15% and 5%, respectively to terrestrial biota species, and the risk probability of Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd were 44%, 70%, 13% and 0.6%, respectively to terrestrial ecological processes. Spatial analysis indicatesed that more than half of area had high risk probability exceeding 75% to terrestrial biota species due to Zn pollution. Therefore, Zn was identified as the most priority pollutant in term of protection ecological receptor.