Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDFs) and dioxin-like coplanar PCBs are well-known persistent contaminants and represent the most toxic categories, which pose serious risks to ecosystem and human beings health. Due to their physical and chemical characteristics, PCDDs, PCDFs and Co-PCBs are found in almost every environmental compartment, such as ambient air, soil, water, sediments and biological matrices of humans and of various plants and animals. PCDDs, PCDFs and Co-PCBs together with their lipophilic properties lead to their accumulation in the food-chain in proportional and cause considerable problems of human health. This paper reviews research reports about ecological and human health risks during last decade all over the world. Suggestions in ecological and human health risk assessments of PCDDs, PCDFs and Co-PCBs in China are proposed.