With the aid of the GIS technology, spatial distribution of soil erosion in the Huaihe River Basin was analysed and so was the spatial distribution of soil erosion intensity based on the soil erosion dangerous index system(SEDI). Results showed that: 1)mountain soils, such as cinnamon soil and cease soil, are more easily eroded than the other type soils in the basin; and 2)although soil erosion in the basin is not serious in general, some mountain areas in the upstream still have a high value in the SEDI. Attention should given to soil and water conversation in the new campaign of harnessing the River.