Tillage layer soils obtained by the spot check samplings were used to investigate the productivity of 0.667 Mhm² high quality prime farmland (HQPF) in Zhejiang Province. The soil productivity was classified into 5 grades based on their comprehensive productivity index which was calculated from 14 descriptive indexes of land characters and their respective weights. The results showed that in the topsoil of HQPF, the gravel concentration was low, sand/clay ratio was in medium. Compared to the data of the 2^nd national soil survey in 1980s, the soil compaction, soil acidity, available phosphorus and available potassium in soils were increased, and the organic matter was lowered. While the variability of available phosphorus and potassium concentration became greater. HQPFs were mainly consisting of Grade 2 and Grade 3, which occupied 85% of all soil samples. The investigation and the evaluation will provide scientific reference for the construction of HQPF and increasing soil productivity.