The soil erosion data of soil erosion at different historical times were used in this paper to analyze the changes of soil and water loss in red soil region of southern China. The soil erosion area of all the eight southern provinces increased from the early 1950s' 1.05×105 km2 to 2002's 1.9×105 km2. Soil erosion area increased before 1986, and decreased gradually after 1986 in the recent 50 years, and in 1996 it reached the turning point of soil loss control. The changing tendency and rate of soil erosion were various in different periods, the range became smaller gradually. Field survey showed that from 2000 to 2005 the area of soil and water loss decreased by 4.5×103 km2 with an annual decreasing rate of 1.2%, which means at least 130 years needed to finish the control task of the current 1.96×105 km2 eroded area.