Abstract:Soil microbial structure composition can influence soil ecological function, it is very important to know the diversity of the microbial community in different environments. We examined the spatial patterns of soil physical and chemical properties, soil microbial activity and diversity and C sources used by soil microbe at two regions, i.e.,Fengqiu and Yingtan, which represent the warm temperate and semi-humid monsoon climate and the mid-subtropical humid monsoon climate respectively. Soil pH, contents of total N, NO3--N and available P under the mid-subtropical climatic condition were significantly lower than under the warm temperate climatic condition, but soil microbial activity under the mid-subtropical climatic condition were higher under the warm temperate climatic condition. Soil microorganism used more carboxylic acid and carbohydrates under the mid-subtropical climatic condition, but used more amino acid and amines under the warm temperate climatic condition. In a word, soil microorganism utilized compound containing carbon under the mid-subtropical climatic condition but utilized compound containing nitrogen under the warm temperate climatic condition.