根表铁膜对元素吸收的效应及其影响因素
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沈阳农业大学青年基金项目和教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金项目资助


Influences of Iron Plaque on Element Uptake by Plants and Its Affecting Factors
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    摘要:

    水生植物根系表面普遍形成铁膜,铁膜的形成是水生植物适应淹水和其他环境胁迫的重要机制之一。大量研究表明铁膜在植物吸收有益营养元素和有害元素中有重要作用。本文总结了植物根表铁膜形成的过程及铁膜的形态、组分、数量等特征,阐述了铁膜对植物吸收元素的效应。水生植物根表的铁膜能够阻止植物对金属元素的吸收,也可充当植物根系表面的养分“库”,在植物需要养分时铁膜中的养分可以被活化并被植物吸收利用。此外铁膜的效应还与根表铁膜的数量有关,少量铁膜能够促进植物对养分的吸收,而大量铁膜则阻止植物对养分的吸收。造成铁膜不同效应的因素包括植物、重金属和研究采用的手段和技术等。如植物种类、品种、生育阶段以及营养状况、植物的培养方式、所研究的金属离子种类以及根表铁膜的分析技术等均可影响试验结果。进一步的研究工作需考虑铁膜形成的外部环境,利用原位技术以确定铁膜中元素的分布和化学形态,并将铁膜的效应与土壤植物的整体反应结合起来进行系统的研究。

    Abstract:

    Iron plaque is commonly formed on the root surface of hydrophytes, and the formation of iron plaque is an important mechanism for the hydrophytes to adapt to the waterlogged sediments. Studies showed that iron plaque plays an important role in element uptake by plants. This paper summarized the formation of iron plaque, the composition, distribution and the amount of iron plaque on root surfaces. The influence of iron plaque on element uptake and its affecting factors were also discussed. The presence of iron plaque has been reported to inhibit the uptake of heavy metals by plants. On the other hand, iron plaque can act as a reservoir increasing the uptake of elements by plants during periods of diminished supply, or enhancing/reducing metal (loid) uptake by plants depending on the amount of iron plaque present on the root surfaces. The controversial results from different experimental results can be related to plants, metals studied and the techniques used in the experiments. Factors such as plant species, plant age, plant nutritional status, cultivation of the plants, ionic species and concentration in the growth medium, techniques for analyzing iron plaque etc can affect the experimental results. Future research should take account the environmental factors and integrate iron plaque in the frame of soil–plant continuum. Some in situ techniques should be employed to elucidate the nature of iron plaque and the chemical behavior of the elements in the iron plaque and plant roots.

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刘侯俊,张俊伶,韩晓日,张福锁.根表铁膜对元素吸收的效应及其影响因素[J].土壤,2009,41(3):335-343. LIU Hou-jun, ZHANG Jun-ling, HAN Xiao-ri, ZHANG Fu-suo. Influences of Iron Plaque on Element Uptake by Plants and Its Affecting Factors[J]. Soils,2009,41(3):335-343

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