Reclamation of wasteland or dryland into paddy field in upland of red soil region can not only mitigate soil erosion, but also increase soil fertility and promote productivity of cropland. In this paper, nutrient cycling and balance characteristics from 2004 to 2007 were analyzed. Results showed that the rice yields of different treatment were in an order of NPK + organic cycling (8589 kg/hm2) ＞ NPK (8589 kg/hm2) ＞ N + organic cycling (6626 kg/hm2) ＞ organic cycling (4525 kg/hm2) ＞ no fertilizer (2707 kg/hm2), and the differences among treatments increased with rice cultivation. Phosphorus was one of the most important limiting factors of paddy field with low or medium fertility level in red soil region. Phosphorus fertilizer affected yields of early rice more than that of late rice. Organic cycling promoted recycling ratio of organic nutrients. Treatments of organic cycling combined with or without chemical fertilizers’ nutrients supply were surplus, and treatments of only supplied with chemical fertilizers resulted in one or more nutrients’ deficits. Chemical N fertilizer is the main nitrogen input and organic fertilizers are important phosphorus resource. Rice straw plays an important role in potassium balance of paddy field.