苏北沿海滩涂盐土上油葵盐肥效应研究
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国家“十一五”支撑项目(2006BAD09A08-03-01和2006BAD09A04-05)和国家海洋863计划项目(2007AA091702)资助。


Study on coupling effect of salt and fertilizer application on oil sunflower in salt soil of Subei coastal mudflat
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    摘要:

    2008年在江苏沿海海涂进行田间试验研究了不同盐分含量土壤上油葵盐肥耦合效应。结果表明:①土壤盐分含量在2.9 ~ 3.6 g/kg时对油葵籽粒产量影响不大,但随着土壤盐分含量的增加,在5.9 ~ 6.8 g/kg时,油葵籽粒产量显著下降。随土壤盐分含量的增加,茎叶生物产量、根生物产量、株高与籽粒产量变化趋势相似。随着N肥和P肥使用量的增加,油葵籽粒产量显著增加,油葵茎叶和根生物产量与株高随着N肥和P肥使用量增加的变化趋势与籽粒产量变化相似。②随着土壤盐分含量的增加,N和P效应越明显,油葵茎粗、盘直径、盘重、茎叶重和根重在不同土壤盐分含量下,随着施N、P量的增加,其变化趋势与油葵主茎高度的变化趋势相似。③各处理措施均能影响油葵籽粒产量,经方差分析,土壤盐分含量、N肥施用量、P肥施用量、盐肥交互作用、NP肥交互作用均呈极显著关系,从处理间区别看,影响油葵产量的主要因素是土壤盐分含量,N肥和P肥次之。

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    Based on the results of field fertilization experiments of rice conducted in Zhejiang Province, China, a decision support system for Optimization of Nitrogen to Irrigated Rice (ONIR) was developed, calibrated and validated. The system included NuDSS (the nutrient decision support system) and N Splitting Application Model (NSAM). NuDSS was a recently developed software for irrigated rice based on QUEFTS and SSNM, which was used to optimize nutrient management for rice varieties. According to NuDSS, the optimal fertilizer N requirement for the target yields could be calculated. We developed NSAM that could make sure N splitting application which based on the rhythm of growth and development of rice and nutrient balance. The results showed that the observed and simulated values of NA and DMA at different stages and grain yields at different N treatments fell near the 1:1 lines in the main. Values of α, R2 were in the range of 0.847 ~ 1.034 and 0.85 ~ 0.99, respectively. All P(t*) were larger than 0.05, yields absolute RMSE varied from 1 to 110 kg/hm2 and normalized RMSE varied from 9% - 24%. The attainable target yields were set to 70 to 75 percents of their potential yields. The attainable targets of late rice and middle rice in Zhejiang were 7.3 and 8.3 t/hm2 according to the potential yield simulated with WOFOST. On reasonable yield targets of late rice and middle rice in Zhejiang, the optimal fertilizer N requirement recommended by ONIR was about 120 kg/hm2 with splitting fractions of 0.4∶0.2∶0.4∶0 or 0.4∶0.2∶0.2∶0.2 and 150 kg/hm2 with splitting fractions of 0.4∶0.2∶0.2∶0 or 0.4∶0.2∶0.2∶0.2 as basal, at early tillering, panicle initiation and flowering stages, respectively. N application was only about 70% of the fertilizer N application under current farmers’ practice. N input could be reduced in some degree without yield loss if rice N management practice were improved in Jinhua of Zhejiang Province.

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洪立洲,隆小华,刘 玲,李 青,李洪燕,孙 磊,刘兆普.苏北沿海滩涂盐土上油葵盐肥效应研究[J].土壤,2009,41(5):801-805. HONG Li-zhou, LONG Xiao-hua, LIU Ling, LI Qing, LI Hong-yan, SUN Lei, LIU Zhao-pu. Study on coupling effect of salt and fertilizer application on oil sunflower in salt soil of Subei coastal mudflat[J]. Soils,2009,41(5):801-805

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