Nutrient loss from sloping farmland is an important factor for agricultural non-point source pollution (NPSP). This paper reviewed the loss characteristics of N and P from sloping farmland, the influences of rainfall, soil, terrain, tillage and management on N and P losses, explored the mechanisms, effects and feasibilities of different measures, such as coverage, plant-hedge, conservation tillage, slope to terrace, on the control of N and P losses, and prospected the research fields and tendencies which should be enhanced in the future.