Urban surface dust in urban environment is ubiquitous, whose grain-size directly correlate with the harm degree to human and environment. This paper discussed the characteristic of surface dust grain-size distribution in the sampling area by utilizing fractal and multifractal methods and discovered that the distribution of urban surface dust particles was scattered, but concentrated and coarse; the urban functional zoning had influence on the surface dust grain-size distribution, pH and organic matter; the entropy dimension D1 and entropy dimension/capacity dimension D1/D0 were positively correlated with organic matter content but negatively correlated with pH value, there was no correlation between fractal dimension and pH value or organic matter content. The parameters of multifractal can provide more information about the distributed characteristic of urban surface dust than fractal dimensions.