This paper reviewed the research advances on the application of flue gas desulphurization byproducts in alkaline soil improvement, including the source and performance of flue gas desulphurization byproducts, the principles, techniques and methods of application with desulphurization byproducts in alkaline soil, discussed the application effects of desulphurization byproducts on soil environment and on food safety, and also prospects the future study.