不同耕种年限红壤性水稻土理化性质的变化特征
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中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目群(KZCX2-YW-Q10-3)和创新前沿领域项目(ISSASIP0711)资助


Physico-chemical characteristics of paddy soils derived from quaternary red clay under different cultivated years
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    摘要:

    以江西省余江县不同种植年限的红壤性水稻土为对象,研究了土壤有机质、 pH、 阳离子交换量(CEC)、游离氧化铁含量和氧化铁活化度随时间变化趋势;选择耕种7、22和80年的土壤剖面,研究了游离氧化铁和无定形氧化铁在剖面不同层次的分布。结果表明,耕层(0 ~ 20 cm)土壤有机质含量随着水稻种植年限的增加而增加,淹水种稻导致土壤pH升高,但主要发生在种稻的前7年,7 ~ 80年间土壤pH变化不大。土壤CEC随着种植年限的增加而增加,在17年达到最大,然后随种稻时间的进一步增加而减小。土壤游离氧化铁含量随种稻时间呈下降趋势,但种稻后土壤氧化铁的活化度高于母土旱地红壤。对7年和80年水稻土,表层土壤游离氧化铁的含量低于底层土壤,说明铁在剖面中存在淋溶迁移。7年和22年水稻土表层土壤无定形氧化铁含量高于底层土壤,但对80年水稻土,土壤无定形氧化铁随采样深度的增加而增加。

    Abstract:

    The temporal changes of soil organic matter (SOM), pH, CEC, content of iron oxides and the distributions of free iron oxides (Fed) and amorphous iron oxides (Feo) in paddy soils cultivated for 7a, 22a, and 80a were studied. All soils were derived from the Quaternary Red Clay and collected from Yujiang, Jiangxi Province. The results showed that SOM content in topsoil (0 – 20 cm) increased with the increase of cultivated year, soil pH increased during rice cultivation of the first 7 years and then changed slightly afterwards. The cation exchange capacity (CEC) increased with the increase of cultivated year, reached the maximum value at the 17th year and then decreased afterwards. The content of free iron oxides in soils decreased with the increase of cultivated year, the ratio of Feo/Fed was higher in paddy soils than in the dry land soil. For 7a and 80a paddy soils, the content of free iron oxides in topsoils were higher than those in subsoils, suggesting that iron transported downwards in soil profiles. The contents of amorphous iron oxides of 7a and 22a paddy soils were higher in topsoils than those in subsoils, but it increased with the increase of sampling depth for 80a soil profiles.

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马 良,徐仁扣.不同耕种年限红壤性水稻土理化性质的变化特征[J].土壤,2010,42(4):560-563. MA Liang, XU Ren-kou. Physico-chemical characteristics of paddy soils derived from quaternary red clay under different cultivated years[J]. Soils,2010,42(4):560-563

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