In this paper, the distribution characteristics and its influencing factors of soil organic carbon (SOC) after earthquake in New Huang Village of Pengzhou City were studied by geostatistics and GIS methods. Results showed that SOC content of the surface layer in this region was 24.83 g/kg, and its spatial distribution was belt-shaped, SOC content descended from ＞31 g/kg in the west area to ＜13 g/kg in the east area. SOC contents of typical soil profiles under different land use patterns decreased generally with the increase of soil depth. Highest SOC contents appeared in 0 ~ 20 cm layer of paddy fields and dry lands and 20 ~ 40 cm of wastelands. SOC contents of paddy fields were significantly higher than those of the wastelands, and SOC contents of dry lands were higher than those of the wastelands, but no significant difference existed between SOC contents of dry lands and wastelands. Earthquake and the succedent human activities could change SOC content.