Field experiment was carried out in Xiangcheng to study the effect of neutral aroma components in stalk positions under different fertility conditions for flue-cured tobacco leaves and the differences in the sensory evaluation on aroma quality of a tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L) cultivar Zhongyan100. The results showed that tobacco leaves from higher fertility conditions had high levels of carotenoid catabolite in the middle and upper positions. The content of solanone from lower fertility condition had high levels in all stalk positions except upper leaves, in which position the content of solanone from higher fertility condition had high levels. The content of maillard reaction in tobacco leaves from higher and lower fertility conditions had no significant differences in most positions. The content of phenylalanine cracking from higher fertility conditions had the highest levels, followed by middle and lower fertility conditions in all stalk positions except lugs. The contents of neophytadiene had high levels in lower position from middle fertility condition and in other positions from higher fertility conditions had high levels. There were no significant differences in the total content of volatile aroma matter except neoplytadiene with higher and middle fertility conditions in the middle positions of tobacco, which had significant differences in upper leaves. The middle leaves from middle fertility conditions had the highest score of sensory evaluation. In summary, the middle nitrogen level should be the optimum level to attain the highest quality of tobacco．