Based on an in situ peanut field experiment, the vertical migration of solution nitrogen in red soil dryland was studied under the application of resin coated urea as a basic fertilizer. The results showed that at 0-100cm depth, the concentration of NO3--N was the highest in various N-forms, particularly in the treatment of resin coated urea applied (BN treatment). The variation of nitrogen concentration at 0-100 cm was smaller under CK treatment (no nitrogen fertilizer used), but were greater at 0-60 cm under BN treatment and PN treatment (routine urea applied), especially at the florescence stage. Compared with PN treatment, BN treatment kept a higher nitrogen supply capacity for a longer time at cultivated horizon (0-40cm) and reduced nitrogen downward migration. However, when resin coated urea was applied as base fertilizer with an amount of N 150 kg/hm2 in red soil dryland, a weak-assorted relation occurred between nitrogen release of resin coated urea and nitrogen absorption of peanut, thus the application amount of resin coated urea still needs to be adjusted.