Soil particle characteristics of fertile islands under Haloxylon ammodendron, populus euphraticu and tamarix vegetations in Xinjiang were studied by means of typical case survey and statistics. The results showed that sands and silts were the main particles in ‘fertile island’ of populus and sands were the main particles in ‘fertile island’ of haloxylon. For ‘fertile island’ of tamarix in Tahe, the contents of sands and silt were nearly equal, both were higher than clay content. For ‘fertile island’ of tamarix in Fukang, silts were the main particles. Three vegetations showed different sand enrichments but the enrichment ratios of soil particles were not significantly different at different growth stages.