高基施比例条件下施氮量对覆膜种植烤烟氮素利用的影响
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国家自然科学基金项目(30571117)、广东省自然科学基金项目(9151065003000003)、广东省烟草专卖局重点科研项目(粤烟科[2008]19号)、广东省科技厅项目(2008B021900002)和深圳烟草工业有限责任公司广东省南雄市湖口基地单元科技示范园项目资助


Effects of different nitrogen levels on n absorption and utilization of flue-cured tobacco use film mulching under high base fertilizer
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    摘要:

    2009 年采用大田小区试验,在广东南雄烟区探讨了高基肥比例条件下(无机肥料 N 基追比为 7:3)施 N 量对覆膜种植烤烟 N 素利用的影响。试验结果表明:①饼肥和猪粪(N = 64.50 kg/hm2,其中饼肥 N 42.00%,不施用无机肥料 N)有较强的持续供 N 能力,在烤烟移栽后 30 ~ 75 天使烟株根际土壤 NO3--N 浓度仍能维持在 550.00 mg/kg 以上;②在基施饼肥和猪粪(N = 64.50 kg/hm2)的基础上,增施 48 ~ 168 kg/hm2 的无机 N 肥可显著提高烤烟移栽后 75 天前烟株根际土壤NO3--N 含量,但在移栽 75 天后烟株根际土壤 NO3--N 积累效应不显著;③试验无机肥料供 N 范围内(48 ~ 168 kg/hm2),施 N量对烤烟产量、产值、等级结构和内在化学品质无显著影响,但 48 kg/hm2 的施 N 量处理其 N 肥利用率和农学利用率极显著高于108 kg/hm2 和 168 kg/hm2 处理;④在广东南雄烟区地膜覆盖栽培条件下,基施 64.50 kg/hm2 有机 N、配施 48 kg/hm2 无机 N(基追比为7:3)可有效满足烤烟 N 素营养需求,提高 N 肥利用率和烟农的经济效应。

    Abstract:

    To study the effects of different nitrogen levels on N absorption and utilization of flue-cured tobacco under high base inorganic N (70% applied as basal), a field experiment was conducted at Nanxiong in 2009. The results showed that: (1) Combination of cake fertilizer and pig manure (N = 64.5 kg/hm2; nitrogen of cake fertilizer, 42%) exhibited the strong ability of nitrogen supplying in tobacco growth period. From it, nitrate content in tobacco rhizosphere was 550 mg/kg above during 30 to 75 days after transplanting. (2) Use film mulching in the root extending stage and supplying with the same organic fertilizers, soil nitrate content at the early stage was promoted evidently under the treatment of low inorganic N (48 kg/hm2) when some of NO3--N (15.98 kg/hm2)applied as base, and nitrate content of rhizosphere amount to 1 300 mg/kg above during 30 to 50 days after transplanting, meanwhile nitrogen uptake by tobacco was not affected significantly from it. (3) Based on the same organic fertilizers, nitrate of rhizosphere was enhanced significantly by the increase of inorganic N before 75 days after tobacco transplanting. However, because the increase of nitrate loss from rhizosphere after removing film in the root extending stage, there was no significant influence on nitrate accumulation in rhizosphere from inorganic N after 75 days of transplanting. (4) In this study, both tobacco nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen agronomic efficiency decreased drastically followed with the increase of inorganic N from 48 kg/hm2 to 168 kg/hm2. Under film mulching in the root extending stage, suitably reducing inorganic N combined with high base inorganic N (70% applied as basal) could enhance the effect of N application significantly.

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王 军,柯油松,谢玉华,陈伟贤,陈雨峰,郑凤霞,魏 彬,徐胜光.高基施比例条件下施氮量对覆膜种植烤烟氮素利用的影响[J].土壤,2012,44(1):36-41. WANG Jun, KE You-song, XIE Yu-hua, CHEN Wei-xian, CHEN Yu-feng, ZHENG Feng-xia, WEI Bin, XU Sheng-guang. Effects of different nitrogen levels on n absorption and utilization of flue-cured tobacco use film mulching under high base fertilizer[J]. Soils,2012,44(1):36-41

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  • 在线发布日期: 2012-03-09
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