Abstract:Effects and interactions of temperature-rainfall, soil type and feitilizaiton on soil aerobic cellulose degrading bacteria (ACDB) number during the different growth periods of corn were studied by a soil reciprocal transplantation experiment installed in 3 experiment stations of Chinese Ecological Research Network, i.e. Hailun, Fenqiu and Yingtan Agro-ecological Experiment Station, which represented cold temperate, warm temperate and middle subtropical zone, respectively. Three types of cropland soils were selected, i.e. neutral black soil (Phaeozem), alkaline Chao soil (Cambisol) and acidic red soil (Acrisol). Then one-meter depth soil profiles for each soil were transplanted in 3 stations to build the field experiment. The results showed that the number of soil ACDB under warm temperate zone was higher than cold temperate and subtropical zones. Soil type controlled the change of ACDB, the total number of ACDB was highest in black soil, followed by chao soil and red soil. All treatments followed the same trend among the different corn growth periods with the highest number in corn vigorous growth period and least before corn planted. Fertilization could increase soil ACDB significantly. Statistical analysis revealed there was a significant positive correlation between the total number of soil ACDB and soil organic matter, total N, total P, total K, and soil pH (P<0.05), soil temperature and water content were major environmental factors influencing the number of ACDB, but soil nutrient contents instead of climate conditions have critical effects on the activities of ACDB. There were significant interactions of climate, soil type and fertilization on the change of soil ACDB.