The evaluation of soil fertility quality variation contributes to the understanding the status and laws of soil fertility change. It is very important for the improvement of soil productivity and the stabilization of the grain production. This paper systematically evaluated soil fertility quality variation in Yucheng County, a typical grain-producing region of the North China Plain. The results indicated that soil fertility has been improved continuously since 1980, especially in the area of low soil fertility quality. From 1980 to 2008, the spatial variability of the soil fertility quality become lower and soil fertility status trended to be uniform, and the management practices influenced the spatial variability more and more.