In order to study the distribution and status of heavy metal pollution in farmland soils of Hailun, a typical agricultural city of Heilongjiang Province , 494 topsoil samples and 95 subsoil samples were collected from the farmland. The contents of Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Hg, As and Cd in these soil samples were determined, and monomial pollution index and Nemerow aggregate pollution index were applied to evaluate the topsoil environmental quality. The results showed that the contents of heavy metals were relatively low in most topsoil samples, and the contents in west were higher than in east, especially in southwest and northwest. The contents of several heavy metals in the topsoils were beyond their respective background values, suggesting that some heavy metals were slightly accumulated in the topsoils. According to the Environmental Quality Standard for Soils, the contents of heavy metals in topsoils were below GradeⅡCriterion, and the Nemerow aggregate pollution index was 0.504. The contents of Hg and Cd in subsoil were lower than in topsoil, but other element contents and spatial distribution characteristics of subsoil were similar to those of topsoil. The variation trend of heavy metal accumulation was not evident from 1980 to 2008, and the risk of heavy metal pollution was low in the short term.