播种期对轻简栽培方式再生稻源库关系的影响
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中国科学院知识创新重大项目(KSCX1-YW-09-08)和公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903002)资助


Effects on source-sink of ratoon rice under simplified cultivation of different seeding stages
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    摘要:

    为建立轻型化的再生稻高产技术体系,并在赣东北种植和推广再生稻,于2009—2010年在江西省余江县开展了再生稻轻简栽培和播期试验,分析了源库关系、生物量和氮积累量以及产量等指标。结果表明,与人工栽插相比,直播和抛秧在头季稻后期和再生稻的叶面积指数显著较低,降幅为5.1% ~ 57.8%,在头季稻中其实粒数分别比人工栽插减少了25.3% ~ 41.2%,再生稻中分别降低了9.9% ~ 46.5%,再生稻中生物量分别比人工栽插减少了23.7% ~ 53.2%,氮积累量分别降低了20.0% ~ 54.4%。这表明直播和抛秧等轻简栽培方式的源小库弱,从而导致其再生稻产量比人工栽插降低了30.1% ~ 35.1%。不同播期之间是较早播种的再生稻占用的温光资源较多,3月下旬和4月上旬播种的处理在头季稻和再生稻的源库关系、生物量和氮积累量以及产量均显著高于较晚播种的处理,因此通过提前播种可以优化直播和抛秧的源库关系,提高再生稻的产量。

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    The high-yield ratoon rice system under simplified cultivation (direct-seeding and seedling-throwing) was studied by the experiment of different planting patterns and seeding stage in 2009 and 2010 at Yujiang country, Jiangxi Province, and the source-sink characteristics, biomass, nitrogen accumulation and yield of ratoon rice were also analyzed. The results showed that leaf area index of direct-seeding and seedling-throwing in main ratoon rice were lower than transporting by 5.1% - 57.8%. In main rice, grain numbers were decreased than transplanting by 25.3% - 41.2% in direct-seeding and seedling-throwing, and reduced by 9.9% - 46.5% in ratoon rice. Biomass of direct-seeding and seedling-throwing were decreased by 23.7% - 53.2% in ratoon rice, and nitrogen accumulation were reduced by 20.0% - 54.4%. This indicted that grain yield of direct-seeding and seedling-throwing were lower than transporting by 30.1% - 35.1%. However, temperature and solar of different seeding stages were different in main and ratoon rice, and seeding earlier could attain more temperature and solar in ratoon rice. Source-sink relations, biomass and nitrogen accumulation and yield were significantly higher than others when main rice was seeded in late March and early April. So, source-sink relations of direct-seeding and seedling-throwing could be improved and ratoon rice yield could be increased through adjusting seeding stage.

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柳开楼,秦江涛,张 斌.播种期对轻简栽培方式再生稻源库关系的影响[J].土壤,2012,44(4):686-695. LIU Kai-lou, QIN Jiang-tao, ZHANG Bin. Effects on source-sink of ratoon rice under simplified cultivation of different seeding stages[J]. Soils,2012,44(4):686-695

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  • 在线发布日期: 2012-09-05
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