Bacullus spp. are the common microorganisms in soils, occupying an important position in soil ecosystem. Our study found that the total number of culturable Bacullus spp. was 2.0×105-2.3×105cfu/g dry soil in peanut continuous cropping red soils. 9 OUTs restriction endonuclease types were obtained in the three gene libraries. B. pumilus, B. subtilis and B. altitudinis, as the three main restriction types, accounted for 54%, 12% and 14% respectively of the total 16S rDNA clones. The application of photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus subtilis could increase peanut yield, particularly when they mixed which could increased the yield by 32.14% compared to the control.