Nitrogen mineralization of two typical vegetable soils (yellow-brown soil and fluvo-aquic soil) of central China was studied by means of indoor cultivation test. The result indicated that during mineralization of the two soils, the amount of nitrate nitrogen was more than ammonium nitrogen. The mineralization rates decreased with the culture time, after 13 weeks it deceased to N 0.13 mg/(kg·d) for yellow brown soil and to N 0.32 mg/(kg·d) for fluvo-aquic soil. The amount of accumulated mineralization increased slowly with the culture time and it was N 68.65 mg/kg for yellow brown soil and N109.37 mg/kg for fluvo-aquic soil at the end of culture, accounting for 24.52% and 21.45% of soil total nitrogen respectively. The mineralization potential were N 74.63 mg/kg for yellow brown soil and N 123.45 mg/kg for fluvo-aquic soil, accounting for 26.65% and 24.21% of soil total nitrogen respectively.