It is important to study soil salinization-alkalinization characteristics in large scale district for fully understanding the characteristics of this soil and efficient agriculture. Based on 126 collected soil samples in 6 typical counties of western Songnen Plain, salinization and alkaline indexes were determined and the features in the area were analyzed. In general the soil salt of western Songnen Plain mainly were Na2CO3 and baking soda (NaHCO3), the proportion of Na+ accounted for more than 70% of the total amount of soil cations, CO32– and HCO3– gave priority to in total anions. Regression equation (y = 0.0985x + 0.1742) was established between electrical conductivity (y) and soil total salt content (x) with R2=0.941, which showed the feasibility of describing soil salinity by electrical conductivity. The proportion of saline soil with high soil pH in all samples was higher. An exponential relationship (R2=0.9677) between total alkalinity and pH was obtained. Soil salinization happening at the same time when basification phenomenon happened. Solonchak soil had the highest electrical conductivity, followed by Solonetz soil and meadow soil, pH value of all soil types were high. The soil salinity of cultivated land was lower than grassland. This study could provide theoretical basis for improving and utilizing saline-alkalie soil, and regional ecological environment construction of Songnen Plain.