This paper studied the characteristics of soil organic carbon (SOC) content variations under different depths among different communities in alpine wetland soil around the Qinghai Lake. Results showed that SOC content under the 0-10?cm layer was the highest around the Qinghai Lake area, with the mean of 28.2 g/kg, and SOC content was gradually decreased with the increase of soil depth. The average contents of SOC in 10-20, 20-30 and 30-40 cm soil layer were 20.1, 16.3 and 12.1?g/kg, respectively; the average content of soil organic carbon under 0-40?cm soil layer throughout the study area was only 19.2?g/kg. The vertical distribution of the whole SOC content under different vegetation communities could be divided into two types: first one, the decline from high to low change; second, low-high-low type. The analysis of variance between different communities of SOC content indicated that SOC content among different vegetation communities based on the difference of SOC mean content could be divided into two groups: the first group included Blysmus sinocompressus community, Stipa purpurea one and Achnatherum splendens one; second group was Elymus nutans community and Kobresia humilis meadow one and Agropyron cristatum one. SOC content in the former group community was lower on average than the latter, average SOC content in six communities were 16.6, 16.8, 19.5, 21.6, 27.3 and 27.1?g/kg, respectively.