Results of study on soil total salt content and soluble ions of a newly reclaimed mudflat farmland reclaimed in 2005 and cultivated in 2007 showed that the farmland soil was in the process of desalting alkalization characterized by a lower salt content and a high pH value. The average soil salt content was 1.78 g/kg, with a strong spatial variability, and the mean value of soil pH was up to 9.83. Both soil total salt content and pH distributed uniformly in soil profiles with lower variability. Based on the relationship between the soluble ions and soil total salt content, pH, soluble ions could be divided into two parts, the first part, including Cl–, , Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, especially Cl– and Na+, determined soil salt content, the second part, consisting of and , controlled soil pH value. Both the correlation of ions within the first and second parts both were positive significantly generally, however, the correlation of ions between the two parts were negative significantly or positive weakly. The correlations of K+ and soil salt content, K+ and soil pH value were positive significantly. Also, there was a significant positive correlation between K+ and other ions except forand Ca2+. Based on the climatic characteristics, it is important to improve mud flat soil physical character to enhance salt leaching and prevent soil alkalization in the elimination process of saline-alkaline barrier factors.