Abstract:In order to provide proper technology of fertilization and reduce nitrogen lose, effects of nitrogen uptake by winter wheat during grain filling stage were studied. In this study, nitrogen uptakes by winter wheat under five fertilization treatments: no fertilization (CK), inorganic fertilization (NK, NPK), inorganic NPK fertilizers and manure combination (MNPK), and inorganic NPK fertilizers and straw combination (SNPK), were carried out at National Soil Fertility and Fertilizer Effects Long-term Monitoring Net Work-Zhengzhou Fluvo-aquic Station in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain. The results showed that NPK, MNPK and SNPK treatments were better to obtain proper groups, higher dry biomass production during grain filling stage; both MNPK and SNPK treatments were more useful for stems and leaf sheaves growing and producing. Moreover, they also increased nitrogen uptakes from soils at grain filling stage, and improved allocation or accumulation in stems, leaves, leaf sheaves and ears. Compared with CK treatment, the filling times of MNPK and SNPK treatment, which the application of inorganic nitrogen fertilizer (N 49.5 kg/hm2) and organic nitrogen fertilizer (N 115.5 kg/hm2), would increase in about 7 days. However, the filling times of NPK and NK treatment which inorganic nitrogen fertilizer application rates were N 165 kg/hm2, would increase in about 14 days. Nevertheless, nitrogen accumulations of MNPK and SNPK treatments in stem and ears (P≤0.05 and P≤0.01, respectively) after flowered from 1 to 14 days were all higher than those of NPK treatment, but nitrogen accumulations of MNPK and SNPK treatments in leaves (P≤0.05 or P≤0.01) and kernels after flowered from 21 to 35 days were all lower than those of NPK treatment. In addition, nitrogen accumulation of MNPK treatment in ears at grain filling stage was better than SNPK treatment. Therefore, inorganic nitrogen fertilization rates should be increased in organic and inorganic fertilizer compound application in order to avoid nitrogen absence and gain more grain yields.