The paper introduced the systematical achievements of soil electrochemistry in chemical behaviors of charged particles, electrode operation, subject infiltration, research successes, influence and evaluation, which formed the scientific system of soil electrochemistry by merging basic principles, practical uses and research methods. Chief points of the system included nonequivalent-nonelectrostatic exchange-adsorption, spatial zonal pattern of oxidation-reduction regimes from humid to arid area, interaction between organic reducing substances and soils, contribution of redox processes as a driving force to soil substances cycle, soil acidification theory, amelioration measures, industrial and agricultural waste uses for environment protection, interaction of oppositely charged particles, diffuse layer overlapping mechanism, effect of electric double layers on soil surface and acidification.