The origin, concept and significance of pedodiversity are introduced before the related research progress and publications home and abroad are briefly discussed. Firstly, biodiversity is based on pedodiversity which is very important to be conserved by using all the methods widely applied in traditional biological studies. Secondly, a new studying opportunity should be found from all the publications in which many efforts have been made to express the spatial distribution patterns of soils resources. Finally, the mostly recent research reports focus on correlative analysis of pedodiversity and land use type diversity inclusive of arable land, water and vegetation resulting in some new findings already. Pedodiversity analysis has been developed nicely and will play a more active role in the future soil geographical and soil resource studies.