农田杂草土壤种子库对施肥模式的响应
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国际植物营养研究所基金项目(IPNI-HB-34)和安徽省自主创新基金项目(11Z0101080)资助


Responses of Farmland Weed Soil Seed Bank to Different Fertilization Patterns
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    摘要:

    通过对肥料长期定位试验点土壤(0 ~ 15 cm)的农田杂草种子库大小、物种组成等特征进调查,采用主成分分析法(PCA)和典范对应分析法(CCA)探讨了农田杂草土壤种子库对施肥模式的响应。结果表明,该试验地杂草土壤种子库主要以大豆种植季杂草种子为主,施氮肥的处理区杂草种子库密度极显著大于未施氮肥的处理区(P<0.01);施肥明显降低杂草种类数,尤其是土壤速效磷含量的增大;PCA结果表明施肥模式引起土壤磷素含量的差异是影响杂草土壤种子库的物种组成的最重要因子,而土壤氮、钾也能在一定程度上对土壤种子库的物种组成产生影响;CCA结果表明不同种类的杂草种子对施肥模式的响应不同,不同种类的杂草适宜生长在不同的施肥区。本研究认为杂草的适应与竞争机制导致不同种类的杂草对施肥模式的响应不同,同一种杂草在不同施肥模式下种子的密度差异明显,影响农田杂草土壤种子库的物种组成与密度,最终形成各物种组合的杂草群落能够更好地适应环境并最大程度利用环境中的各种资源。

    Abstract:

    The soil seed bank (0~15cm) of weed in a long-term fertilizer experiment was surveyed. Its density and species composition were analyzed by PCA and CCA, and the responses of the soil seed bank to different fertilization patterns were explored. The results showed that the weed in soybean growing season was the main contributor for the soil seed bank of this experimental field. The density of soil seed bank in plots applied N were bigger than that in plots without N. Fertilization significantly reduced the number of weed species, especially the increase of the available P. The results of PCA showed that soil available P was the most influential factor compared to N and K. Soil alkali-hydro N and available K partially showed effect on the weed species composition. The results of CCA showed that weed grew at different fertilization treatments and showed different response to fertilization patterns. Our preliminary results revealed that the mechanism of adaptation and competition might lead to different responses of weed soil seed bank in different fertilization patterns. The same weed seed’s density in different fertilization patterns were differed obviously which significantly affected the density and species composition of the soil seed bank. Weed community ultimately forming which was combined by various species can use the environmental resources furthest.

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潘俊峰,万开元,程传鹏,付金玲,章力干,李儒海,王道中,陈 防.农田杂草土壤种子库对施肥模式的响应[J].土壤,2014,46(1):76-82. PAN Jun-feng, WAN Kai-yuan, CHENG Chuan-peng, FU Jin-ling, ZHANG Li-gan, LI Ru-hai, WANG Dao-zhong, CHEN Fang. Responses of Farmland Weed Soil Seed Bank to Different Fertilization Patterns[J]. Soils,2014,46(1):76-82

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  • 在线发布日期: 2014-03-26
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