木醋及松针对越橘栽培土壤改良的影响
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黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(C201102)和黑龙江省教育厅项目(12531686)资助


Influence of Wood Vinegar and Pine Needle on Soil Improvement of Blueberry
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    摘要:

    越橘(Vaccinium uliginosum L.)栽培中对土壤条件要求较高,需有机质含量高的强酸性土壤。为解决土壤的限制,在“美登”和“北陆”两个品种的栽培土壤中添加木醋及松针,测定株高、土壤pH、土壤速效氮磷钾及有机质含量、土壤微生物数量来研究木醋和松针对越橘栽培土壤的改良作用。结果表明:各处理株高与对照均产生了显著性差异。处理C(田园土︰松针=3︰1+木醋20 ml/盆)植株最高,美登和北陆比对照分别增加了19.0 cm和14.6 cm。处理D(田园土︰松针=3︰1+木醋30 ml/盆) pH降低最大,美登和北陆分别为4.87和4.73。随着木醋使用量的增加,土壤速效氮含量出现先升后降的现象,美登和北陆速效氮含量比对照增加最大量分别为29.6 mg/g和69.6 mg/g。木醋使用量越大,速效磷含量越高。美登和北陆速效磷最大含量比对照分别增加了88.8 mg/g和78.0 mg/g。速效钾含量的增加,松针作用显著,木醋作用不显著。“美登”处理C和“北陆”处理D土壤有机质含量最高,分别为47.0 g/kg和55.0 g/kg。木醋的不同添加量对土壤微生物可以起到不同的调控作用。土壤中细菌的数量变化较大,放线菌和真菌数量变化较小。木醋及松针满足了越橘对土壤低pH及高含量有机质的特殊需求,对越橘栽培土壤起到了一定的改良作用。

    Abstract:

    The blueberry (Vaccinium uliginosum L.) demands strict soil conditions in cultivation, and it needs strong acid soil with abundant organic matter. In order to solve the soil limitation, wood vinegar and pine needle were added to the soil of “Blomidon” and “Northland”. Through the determination of plant height, soil pH, content of soil available N, P2O5, K2O and organic matter, number of soil microorganism to study the effect of wood vinegar and pine needle on soil improvement of blueberry. The results showed that plant height of all treatments had significant difference compared with contrast. The treatment C (rural soil︰pine needle = 3︰1 + wood vinegar 20 ml/pot) was best. And plant heights of Blomidon and Northland were 32.3 cm and 37.7 cm, increased by 19.0 cm and 14.6 cm compared with contrast. The soil pH of treatment D (rural soil︰pine needle = 3︰1 + wood vinegar 30 ml/pot) was the lowest. The pH of Blomidon and Northland were respectively 4.87 and 4.73. With the increase of wood vinegar usage, soil available nitrogen content rised at first and then reduced later. The available nitrogen contents of Blomidon and Northland increased by 29.6 mg/g and 69.6 mg/g compared with contrast. The more wood vinegar usage, the higher the available P2O5 content, the available P2O5 contents of Blomidon and Northland increased by 88.8 mg/g and 78.0 mg/g compared with contrast. The increased amount of K2O was mainly attributed to pine needle. Wood vinegar had not significant effect. The treatment C of Blomidon and treatment D of Northland were the highest in organic matter, which were 47.0 g/kg and 55.0 g/kg respectively. Wood vinegar of different additives had different control function. The change of soil bacteria number was higher while actinomycetes and fungi were lower. In conclusion, wood vinegar and pine needle could meet the special demand of blueberry on low pH and high organic matter content of soil and had positive effect on soil improvement of blueberry.

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申 健,杨国亭,刘德江.木醋及松针对越橘栽培土壤改良的影响[J].土壤,2014,46(2):325-329. SHEN Jian, YANG Guo-ting, LIU De-jiang. Influence of Wood Vinegar and Pine Needle on Soil Improvement of Blueberry[J]. Soils,2014,46(2):325-329

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  • 在线发布日期: 2014-05-14
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