Internet of Things (IOT) technology can link any object through the sensing equipment and Internet, and achieve real-time tracking monitoring, management and research functions. This method has a wide application prospect in the research field of soil ecosystem, but development of IOT technology in domestic lags behind and needs further research and application. In this research, IOT technology was combined with monitoring of soil ecological environment factors, and a soil environmental remote real-time monitoring system was built. Typical soil in the head part of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) and navel oranges under different fertilizer treatments were selected as the study objects. The system based on the IOT technology included water and moisture sensors in the soil profile, environment temperature and humidity sensors, wired and wireless data transmission network hardware, and custom developed software platform. With the interdisciplinary advantage, the system is an exploration and development of time and space scope of the soil ecological factor monitoring and research techniques. The system can decrease the lag and error in traditional sampling and in situ testing method, and improve the efficiency and accuracy of data acquisition. Through monitoring the responses of navel orange growth process on soil profile temperature and humidity real-time change and its influence mechanism, we can further explore the effective mode of improving the utilization ratio of water and fertilizers and verify the accuracy and reliability of IOT technology in the research field of soil ecological system. The construction and operation of the system can provide a scientific basis for the quality navel orange production in the TGR area and explorer effective means for the agricultural soil drought warning, soil erosion and mountain agricultural non-point source pollution monitoring.