In view of pedological perspectives, soil water and solute transport are pivotal environmental problems which have been regarded as international focus to date. In general, it is widely considered that theories upon water and solute transport are also applied to groundwater security, contaminant movement and heavy metal pollutions in soils and so on. It is well known that soil water and solute can transport from soil surface to subsoil even groundwater levels through preferential flow paths bypassing soil matrix although preferential flow and soil matrix flow. There is a wide range controlling factors which can influence soil water and solute transport, including soil structure, texture, hydraulic conductivity, bulk density, antecedent soil moisture, plant roots, rock fragments and so on. Rock fragments are significant units in soil layers which have complex effects on soil water and solute transport. This paper stated the definition and research progress of rock fragments, especially the relation between rock fragments parameters and soil water and solute transport. Internal elements including rock fragments cover, size, content, spatial heterogeneity etc. and external elements including rock-root structure, freezing/thawing, cultivation etc. were illustrated in detail. More studies were conducted on rock fragment parameters on soil surface and top soil, mainly concentrated on their effects on hydrological responses, soil erosion, infiltration, runoff generation instead of water and solute transport, but the effects of rock fragments located in the subsoil was not well understood due to the insufficiency of systematical theories. Standard techniques and models which confirm the relationship between rock fragments parameters and solute transport are listed and the current problems and future directions are discussed in this paper.