Some different types of greenbelt soils were selected to research the petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) in Shanghai. The results showed that although there were different levels of TPH accumulation, but the overall pollution was not serious. The TPH contents of greenbelt soils around the outer ring road were highest among all types of greenbelt, the more closer to the road and the soil surface, the more obvious of TPH accumulation. The main source of pollution about TPH in greenbelt soils may be automobile exhaust. The TPH content of greenbelt soil had no significant correlation with the organic matter content, Cu content, fungi quantity, but it had extremely significant correlation with Zn content, Cd content, bacteria quantity and microbial quantity, and it also had significant correlation with Pb content, actinomycetes quantity. The TPH could act as the sources of carbon and energy at low concentrations which will stimulate an increase in microbial quantity. In greenbelt soils from Shanghai, the C6 - C9 segment of TPH was below the detection line, the main part was the high carbon segment with less toxicity. But the greenbelt soils around the outer ring road with heavy traffic and the main vehicles burning diesel, where had highly TPH content and low carbon segment could be detected, should be getting more attention to the potential contamination and poison of TPH.