In order to examine the organic pesticide residues in soils of tobacco-planting areas in China，431 samples of plough soils were collected from the counties in 13 provinces in China and the residues of organochlorine pesticides and organophosphorus pesticides were analyzed by GC. The results showed that the contents of HCHs and DDTs were lower than the national relative limit standards, and the contents of organophosphorus pesticides were also low. HCHs were detected in all soil samples, ranged from 1.01 to 10.74 μg/kg with a mean of 2.80 μg/kg. DDTs were also detected in all soil samples, ranged from 0.18 to 410.88 μg/kg with a mean of 15.44 μg/kg. Dichlorvos were detected in 97.1% of soil samples, ranged from ND to 2.01 μg/kg with a mean of 0.27 μg/kg. Dimethoate was detected in 63.6% of soil samples, ranged from ND to 1.77 μg/kg with a mean of 0.18 μg/kg. Parathion-methyl was detected in 88.8% of soil samples, ranged from ND to 1.20 μg/kg with a mean 0.14 μg/kg. Malathion was detected in all soil samples, ranged from 0.09 to 7.95 μg/kg with a mean of 1.29 μg/kg. Parathion was detected in 99.5% of soil samples, ranged from ND to 3.46 μg/kg with a mean of 0.5 μg/kg.