Soil and groundwater are components of the environment that perform functions vital to human activities and ecosystems survival. Unfortunately, the “Report on China’s Soil Contamination Survey (2014)” issued by Ministry of Environ-mental Protection and Ministry of Land and Resources of the People’s Republic of China, along with numerous contamination incidents reported in the news media, indicate that soil and groundwater contamination has become an increasingly prominent problem in China. Contaminated sites pose a serious threat to human health and ecosystems, and demand immediate attention if effective management and remediation are to be realized. However, the contaminated site remediation industry in China is still in its infancy: lack of relevant laws, regulations and policies, immature funding mechanisms for remediation, lack of experiences in remediation engineering applications, and neglect of groundwater problems in the contaminated site remediation, these are key concerns that must be addressed as a first step in developing the soil and groundwater remediation industry in China.