不同含钾物料对土壤钾素含量动态变化影响
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华中农业大学资源与环境学院,农业部长江中下游耕地保育重点实验室;华中农业大学资源与环境学院,农业部长江中下游耕地保育重点实验室;华中农业大学资源与环境学院,农业部长江中下游耕地保育重点实验室;华中农业大学资源与环境学院,农业部长江中下游耕地保育重点实验室;华中农业大学资源与环境学院,农业部长江中下游耕地保育重点实验室;华中农业大学资源与环境学院,农业部长江中下游耕地保育重点实验室;华中农业大学资源与环境学院

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S151.9

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“十二五”国家科技支撑计划课题项目(2014BAD11B03),公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203013)和中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2011PY156)资助


Effects of K-bearing Materials on Dynamic Changes of Soil K Contents
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College of Resources and Environment,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River,Ministry of Agriculture,Wuhan,;College of Resources and Environment,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River,Ministry of Agriculture,Wuhan,;College of Resources and Environment,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River,Ministry of Agriculture,Wuhan,;College of Resources and Environment,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River,Ministry of Agriculture,Wuhan,;College of Resources and Environment,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River,Ministry of Agriculture,Wuhan,;College of Resources and Environment,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River,Ministry of Agriculture,Wuhan,;College of Resources and Environment,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan

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    摘要:

    采用土培试验方法,以稻草、稻草灰、硅钙钾肥、枸溶性钾肥和氯化钾肥5种含钾物料为试验材料,分别用蒸馏水、1 mol/L中性醋酸铵、2 mol/L冷硝酸、1 mol/L沸硝酸浸提测定土壤各种形态钾素,评估不同含钾物料施用对土壤钾素含量的影响。结果表明,施用含钾物料可以显著提高土壤各形态钾素含量,在等量钾素投入条件下,含钾物料的供钾能力表现出一定的差异。各含钾物料土壤水溶性钾、醋酸铵钾释放速率高低表现为氯化钾肥、稻草灰>稻草、硅钙钾肥和枸溶性钾肥;与土壤水溶性钾和醋酸铵钾变化不同,土壤冷硝酸钾含量在培养前期以稻草灰、氯化钾肥和硅钙钾肥的处理显著高于枸溶性钾肥和稻草处理,但随着枸溶性钾肥和稻草钾素的释放,培养后期各处理之间差异不显著;相比于土壤水溶性钾、醋酸铵钾和冷硝酸钾含量而言,土壤沸硝酸钾含量最高,其中培养前期以稻草灰处理的土壤沸硝酸钾含量较高,稻草处理的土壤沸硝酸钾含量较低,两者含量差值可达83.75 mg/kg,经过156 天培养后,其含量差值仅为6.91 mg/kg,处理间差异不显著。综合结果说明,稻草灰和氯化钾肥具有同等释放水溶性钾和醋酸铵钾的效果,其次是稻草处理,均可作为速效钾肥施用,而枸溶性钾肥和硅钙钾肥具有缓效释放特性,可与速效钾肥配合施用确保作物整个生育期对钾素的需求。

    Abstract:

    In order to investigate the effects of different K-bearing materials on soil potassium contents, a pot experiment was carried out with five types of K-bearing materials, including straw, straw ash, Si-Ca-K fertilizer, citrate acid-soluble potassium fertilizer and KCl. Four chemical extractants (distilled water, 1 mol/L neutral NH4OAc, 2 mol/L cold HNO3 and 1 mol/L boiling HNO3) were used to extract different forms of soil potassium. The results showed that the application of K-bearing material fertilizers could significantly increase soil potassium contents, and the contents of soil potassium forms had variant responses to K-bearing materials under the same potassium input level. The potassium release rates of water-soluble potassium and NH4OAc-K were faster for KCl and straw ash than those of straw, Si-Ca-K fertilizer and citrate acid-soluble potassium fertilizers. The cold HNO3-K contents of straw ash, KCl and Si-Ca-K fertilizer treatments were significantly higher than those of citrate acid-soluble potassium fertilizer and straw treatment in the early stage. Nevertheless, there were no significant differences among K-bearing material treatments in the later stage which were associated with potassium releasing. Besides, compared with the content of water-soluble potassium, NH4OAc-K and cold HNO3-K, soil boiling HNO3 content was the highest. The treatment of KCl had the highest potassium content and that straw treatment had the lowest K content with soil boiling HNO3, The former was 83.75 mg/kg higher than the latter, but the difference value reduced to 6.91 mg/kg after 156 days (no significant difference existed). In short, straw ash and KCl which had the same release rate of water-soluble potassium and NH4OAc-K potassium and straw treatment could all serve as fast available potassium resources, while citrate acid-soluble potassium fertilizer and Si-Ca-K fertilizer had slow-release property and could be accompanied with fast available potassium fertilizers to ensure the demand of potassium for crop growth.

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胡 敏,任 涛,廖世鹏,李继福,李小坤,丛日环,鲁剑巍.不同含钾物料对土壤钾素含量动态变化影响[J].土壤,2016,48(1):48-52. HU Min, REN Tao, LIAO Shi-peng, LI Ji-fu, LI Xiao-kun, CONG Ri-huan, LU Jian-wei. Effects of K-bearing Materials on Dynamic Changes of Soil K Contents[J]. Soils,2016,48(1):48-52

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  • 收稿日期:2015-02-08
  • 最后修改日期:2015-05-21
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  • 在线发布日期: 2015-12-30
  • 出版日期: 2016-02-25