玉米秸秆生物炭对烟田褐土水分库容及烤烟生物量的影响
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山东省烟草有限公司临沂市公司,土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,中国科学院南京土壤研究所,山东省烟草有限公司临沂市公司,山东临沂市烟草有限公司,山东临沂市烟草有限公司沂水县分公司,山东省烟草有限公司临沂市公司,临沂市烟草有限公司沂水县分公司,临沂市烟草有限公司沂水县分公司,山东省烟草有限公司临沂市公司,山东省烟草有限公司临沂市公司,临沂市烟草有限公司,土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,中国科学院南京土壤研究所,土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,中国科学院南京土壤研究所

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S158.9;S154.31

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中国烟草总公司山东省公司科技项目和山东临沂烟草有限公司科研项目(科2014-6)资助


Effects of Maize Straw Biochar on Soil Water Storage Capacity and Tobacco Biomass in Tobacco-planting Cinnamon Soil
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Linyi Limited Tobacco Company of Shandong Province,State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences;College of Natural Resource and Environment,South China Agricultural University,Linyi Tobacco Limited Company of Shandong Province,Yishui Tobacco Company of Linyi City,Yishui Tobacco Limited Company of Linyi City Yishui,Linyi Limited Tobacco Company of Shandong Province,Yishui Limited Tobacco Company of Linyi City,Yishui Limited Tobacco Company of Linyi City,Linyi Limited Tobacco Company of Shandong Province,Linyi Limited Tobacco Company of Shandong Province,Linyi Tobacco Company of Shandong Province,State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences;College of Natural Resource and Environment,South China Agricultural University,State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences;College of Natural Resource and Environment,South China Agricultural University

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    摘要:

    针对山东临沂丘陵烟区干旱灾害频发,且难以推广先进灌溉措施的问题,研究了生物炭改良土壤水分库容、提高烟田抗旱能力的技术。在临沂市沂水烟草试验站开展褐土烟田施用生物炭的田间试验,设置了5个处理:不施肥处理(CK)、常规施肥处理(CF)、常规施肥添加2 400 kg/hm2生物炭处理(LB)、常规施肥添加7 200 kg/hm2生物炭处理(MB)和常规施肥添加12 000 kg/hm2生物炭处理(HB)。研究发现施用生物炭可以显著降低土壤体积质量(降低幅度为6.84% ~ 13.28%),显著增加土壤大空隙(d >0.1 μm)体积,从而增加土壤水分有效库容和总库容,而且土壤水分库容随生物炭施用量增大而增强。施用生物炭显著提高了土壤有机质和全氮含量,pH提高了0.12 ~ 0.55单位,烤烟生物量提高了40% 以上,其中施用中量生物炭的增产效应最大。土壤水分库容是影响临沂烤烟生长的主控因子,对烤烟生物量的贡献率达47.2%,其次为土壤全钾(23.7%)和速效钾(5.89%)。上述结果表明,对于丘陵山区烟田可以通过施用生物炭协同提升其土壤水分和养分库容,进而促进烤烟生长。

    Abstract:

    Drought can severely hinder tobacco growth. Drought is easily happened for tobacco fields in the hills in Linyi City due to local climate influence, and it is difficult to adopt advanced irrigation practices such as drop and spray irrigation due to their high costs. Biochar is porous and has high capacity to hold water, therefore is potential to be used in improving soil water holding capacity. In this paper an experiment of maize straw biochar was conducted in tobacco planting cinnamon soil in Yishui Tobacco Experiment Station of Linyi City, which includes 5 treatments, i.e., non-fertilization (CK), conventional fertilization processing(CF), CF with 2 400 kg/hm2 biochar treatment(LB), CF wtih 7 200 kg/hm2 biochar treatment (MB) and CF with 12 000 kg/hm2 biochar treatment(HB). It found that the soil moisture content had the significant impact to the formation of tobacco biomass with a relative contribution of 47.2%. Applying biochar decreased soil bulk density by 6.84%–3.28%, and increased soil porosity with diameter >0.1 μm. Soil total and effective water storage capacity in surface layer (0–20cm) increased with biochar application rate. With biochar addition, soil pH increased by 0.12–0.55 units, and soil organic matter and total nitrogen increased significantly. Consequently, tobacco biomass increased by 40% more, and the highest yield was achieved at the middle application rate of biorchar (7 200 kg/hm2). In summary, biochar can improve synthetically soil physical and chemical properties and promote tobacco growth.

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王梅勋,陈利军,王家民,朱先志,刘 莉,宗 浩,高 强,徐 蕊,武 博,谭效磊,王文杰,谢祖彬,孙 波.玉米秸秆生物炭对烟田褐土水分库容及烤烟生物量的影响[J].土壤,2015,47(6):1076-1084. WANG Mei-xun, CHEN Li-jun, WANG Jia-min, ZHU Xian-zhi, LIU Li, ZONG Hao, GAO Qiang, XU Rui, WU Bo, TAN Xiao-lei, Wang Wen-jie, XIE Zhu-Bin, SUN Bo. Effects of Maize Straw Biochar on Soil Water Storage Capacity and Tobacco Biomass in Tobacco-planting Cinnamon Soil[J]. Soils,2015,47(6):1076-1084

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  • 收稿日期:2015-04-25
  • 最后修改日期:2015-05-24
  • 录用日期:2015-09-09
  • 在线发布日期: 2015-11-23
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