The greenhouse soils under the three different planting patterns from Quzhou County of Hubei Province were used to investigate the effects of planting patterns on soil micro morphological characteristics. Results indicated that the soil matrix and soil aggregates were well-developed and soil organic matters were increased by 100% under the organic planting conditions, compared with conventional cultivation. The organic planting led to the largest soil pore area and soil surface porosity reached 32%. The organic planting also improved the ventilation pore content and increased the ventilation of the soil with the highest pore proportion of >0.1 mm. Under the conditions of conventional cultivation, soil structure was tight and lower developed. Under the conditions of pollution-free cultivation, the development degree of soil structure was bigger than that under the conditions of conventional cultivation, but less than that under organic planting conditions. Therefore, soil structure was loose and well developed under the conditions of organic cultivation for the crop growth.